Advantages and Properties of BromoButyl Rubber Stopper

2.1. Compared with ordinary butyl rubber, halogenated butyl rubber greatly increases the vulcanization reaction activity. In addition to having the same properties as butyl rubber, it also has vulcanization flexibility, can be vulcanized without sulfur or sulfur donors, can be vulcanized without zinc oxide or a small amount of zinc oxide, has a fast vulcanization speed and requires less Vulcanizing agent and other characteristics.

 

2.2. The purpose is to improve the vulcanization performance of butyl rubber and improve its compatibility with other rubbers.

Advantages of bromobutyl rubber stopper:

The vulcanization position in bromobutyl is more flexible than that of chlorinated butyl, so the vulcanization activity is greater and the co-vulcanization ability with combined rubber is better.

Characteristics of bromobutyl rubber:

 

3.1 There are many types of vulcanizing agents available. In addition to the vulcanizing systems used for chlorinated butyl rubber, there are also vulcanizing systems that are not suitable for chlorinated butyl rubber, such as polyamine vulcanization, which can avoid sulfur (or sulfur-containing accelerators) and oxidation. The presence of zinc ensures higher cleanliness;

 

3.2 High vulcanization activity, fast vulcanization speed, short scorch time, and less vulcanizing agent dosage;

 

3.3 The possibility of co-vulcanization with highly unsaturated rubber is high;

 

3.4 The formula components have less impact on vulcanization (such as being less affected by acid, alkali and humidity), and are more suitable for injection vulcanization in terms of production technology.

Compared with chlorobutyl rubber stoppers, bromobutyl rubber stoppers are more stable, have longer lifespan, and have less impact on drugs. They are especially more effective for low-molecular-weight thrombin inhibitors. According to experiments by foreign manufacturers Sexual verification confirms this.

 

 

4. the advantages of butyl chloride:

Chlorobutyl rubber stoppers have better heat resistance, are less likely to stick when used for sterilization, and are more efficient in pharmaceutical factory production.

 

5. Comparison of commonly used polymers in pharmaceutical rubber bottle stoppers

 

5.1 Natural rubber---high impurity (protein) content, large quality differences, and prone to latex allergy; not suitable for bottle stoppers.

 

5.2 Synthetic isoprene --- has poor air tightness and requires sulfur vulcanization; the application of bottle stoppers is limited.

 

5.3 Ordinary butyl rubber---requires easily extracted sulfur and accelerator for vulcanization; not recommended for bottle stoppers.

 

5.4 Chlorinated butyl rubber---can be vulcanized with clean non-traditional vulcanizing agents; the first sulfur-free bottle stopper formula.

 

5.5 Bromobutyl Rubber---Allows the use of less vulcanizing agent; the first zinc-free bottle stopper formula.

 

5.6ExxproTM polymer---does not contain epoxidized soybean oil, antioxidants and oligomers;

 

6. Comparison of two rubber stoppers:

 

6.1 Brominated butyl rubber stoppers are generally vulcanized with sulfur and have slightly poor heat resistance. Since the bromine element is relatively active, it is easy to produce a rotten egg-like smell (suspected to be HBr or H2S gas) during high-temperature sterilization. At the same time, this system requires the use of a vulcanizing agent, which has a greater impact on the hemolysis experiment of the rubber stopper.

 

6.2 Chlorinated butyl rubber stoppers generally use non-sulfur vulcanization systems. The products have good heat resistance and have less odor during high-temperature sterilization. Because the rubber does not contain epoxidized soybean oil, the product is not prone to wall-hanging or opalescence after contact with drugs. and other phenomena.

 

6.3 The main difference between bromobutyl rubber and chlorinated butyl rubber is that the C-Br bond activity in bromobutyl rubber is greater than the C-Cl bond activity in chlorinated butyl rubber, which determines the Bromobutyl rubber has the characteristics of fast vulcanization speed, high vulcanization efficiency, high degree of vulcanization, small amount of vulcanizing agent, and can achieve sulfur-free and zinc-free vulcanization, thus giving bromobutyl rubber stoppers good physical and chemical properties. , making it have lower hygroscopicity and better used in freeze-dried products. For low molecular weight thrombin inhibitor solutions, the co-stability of bromobutyl stoppers is significantly improved; at the same time, its chemical performance indicators can be controlled within a good range, such as zinc ion <0.00005% (YBB standard <0.0003% ); non-volatile matter (per 100 ml of extract) < 1.0 mg (YYB standard is 4.0 mg); small changes in pH value, etc., thus effectively ensuring compatibility with large infusion products such as amino acids, fat emulsions, and blood products.